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District of Columbia Demographic-Economic Characteristics and Patterns
This section provides an update on Census 2010 demographics and a richer set of demographic-economic measures for 2012 and 2014
for the District of COlumbia.
The table presented below shows demographic-economic characteristics for D.C. based on the American Community Survey (ACS).
ACS provides post-Census 2010 annual updates for a wide array of demographic-economic data not available from Census 2010.
ACS estimates are available for all geographies (U.S. wall-to-wall) using the 5-year estimates. For areas of 65,000 population or more, 1-year estimates are available.
See more about ACS. Estimates shown in this profile are based on ACS 1-year estimates. See more about comparing these data over time.
District of Columbia Demographic-Economic Characteristics
| | -- ACS 2012 1 year -- | -- ACS 2014 1 year -- | -- Change 2012-14 --
| | | Value | Percent | Value | Percent | Value | Percent |
| Total Population | 632,323 | 100.00 | 658,893 | 100.00 | 26,570 | 4.20 |
| Male | 299,036 | 47.29 | 312,633 | 47.45 | 13,597 | 4.55 |
| Female | 333,287 | 52.71 | 346,260 | 52.55 | 12,973 | 3.89 |
| Age | | | | | | |
| Under 5 years | 39,002 | 6.17 | 42,763 | 6.49 | 3,761 | 9.64 |
| 5-9 years | 30,392 | 4.81 | 31,038 | 4.71 | 646 | 2.13 |
| 10-14 years | 23,874 | 3.78 | 25,729 | 3.90 | 1,855 | 7.77 |
| 15-19 years | 39,815 | 6.30 | 37,343 | 5.67 | -2,472 | -6.21 |
| 20-24 years | 59,709 | 9.44 | 58,809 | 8.93 | -900 | -1.51 |
| 25-34 years | 138,878 | 21.96 | 150,211 | 22.80 | 11,333 | 8.16 |
| 35-44 years | 85,596 | 13.54 | 92,877 | 14.10 | 7,281 | 8.51 |
| 45-54 years | 75,628 | 11.96 | 76,790 | 11.65 | 1,162 | 1.54 |
| 55-59 years | 34,811 | 5.51 | 36,171 | 5.49 | 1,360 | 3.91 |
| 60-64 years | 32,717 | 5.17 | 32,697 | 4.96 | -20 | -0.06 |
| 65-74 years | 39,855 | 6.30 | 41,946 | 6.37 | 2,091 | 5.25 |
| 75-84 years | 22,501 | 3.56 | 22,375 | 3.40 | -126 | -0.56 |
| 85+ years | 9,545 | 1.51 | 10,144 | 1.54 | 599 | 6.28 |
| Median age | 33.70 | | 33.80 | | 0.10 | 0.30 |
| Race/Origin | | | | | | |
| One Race | 616,452 | 97.49 | 642,162 | 97.46 | 25,710 | 4.17 |
| White | 250,657 | 39.64 | 265,077 | 40.23 | 14,420 | 5.75 |
| Black/African American | 313,224 | 49.54 | 321,346 | 48.77 | 8,122 | 2.59 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 2,258 | 0.36 | 1,859 | 0.28 | -399 | -17.67 |
| Asian | 21,858 | 3.46 | 24,910 | 3.78 | 3,052 | 13.96 |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 54 | 0.01 | 172 | 0.03 | 118 | 218.52 |
| Some other race | 28,401 | 4.49 | 28,798 | 4.37 | 397 | 1.40 |
| Two or more races | 15,871 | 2.51 | 16,731 | 2.54 | 860 | 5.42 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 62,726 | 9.92 | 68,356 | 10.37 | 5,630 | 8.98 |
| Households by Type | | | | | | |
| Total households | 266,662 | 100.00 | 277,378 | 100.00 | 10,716 | 4.02 |
| Families | 112,493 | 42.19 | 117,864 | 42.49 | 5,371 | 4.77 |
| Nonfamily households | 154,169 | 57.81 | 159,514 | 57.51 | 5,345 | 3.47 |
| Average Household Size | 2.22 | | 2.23 | | 0.01 | 0.45 |
| Average Family Size | 3.25 | | 3.24 | | -0.01 | -0.31 |
| Relationship | | | | | | |
| Population in households | 592,131 | 93.64 | 618,600 | 93.88 | 26,469 | 4.47 |
| School Enrollment | | | | | | |
| Population 3 & over enrolled | 159,737 | 100.00 | 164,598 | 100.00 | 4,861 | 3.04 |
| Nursery school, preschool | 12,886 | 8.07 | 16,324 | 9.92 | 3,438 | 26.68 |
| Kindergarten | 7,876 | 4.93 | 6,211 | 3.77 | -1,665 | -21.14 |
| Elementary school (grades 1-8) | 40,036 | 25.06 | 45,097 | 27.40 | 5,061 | 12.64 |
| High school (grades 9-12) | 26,824 | 16.79 | 24,045 | 14.61 | -2,779 | -10.36 |
| College or graduate school | 72,115 | 45.15 | 72,921 | 44.30 | 806 | 1.12 |
| Educational Attainment | | | | | | |
| Population 25 years & over | 439,531 | 100.00 | 463,211 | 100.00 | 23,680 | 5.39 |
| Less than 9th grade | 19,211 | 4.37 | 19,069 | 4.12 | -142 | -0.74 |
| 9th to 12th grade, no diploma | 30,928 | 7.04 | 26,385 | 5.70 | -4,543 | -14.69 |
| High school graduate (incl equiv) | 81,081 | 18.45 | 84,213 | 18.18 | 3,132 | 3.86 |
| Some college, no degree | 61,437 | 13.98 | 62,936 | 13.59 | 1,499 | 2.44 |
| Associate's degree | 14,083 | 3.20 | 15,936 | 3.44 | 1,853 | 13.16 |
| Bachelor's degree | 100,904 | 22.96 | 112,706 | 24.33 | 11,802 | 11.70 |
| Graduate or professional degree | 131,887 | 30.01 | 141,966 | 30.65 | 10,079 | 7.64 |
| Percent high school graduate or higher | 88.60 | | 90.20 | | 1.60 | 1.81 |
| Percent bachelor's degree or higher | 53.00 | | 55.00 | | 2.00 | 3.77 |
| Residence 1 year ago | 624,847 | 100.00 | 648,586 | 100.00 | 23,739 | 3.80 |
| Same house | 500,267 | 80.06 | 513,634 | 79.19 | 13,367 | 2.67 |
| Different house in U.S. | 115,822 | 18.54 | 123,520 | 19.04 | 7,698 | 6.65 |
| Same county | 61,992 | 9.92 | 67,286 | 10.37 | 5,294 | 8.54 |
| Different county | 53,830 | 8.61 | 56,234 | 8.67 | 2,404 | 4.47 |
| Same state | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Different state | 53,830 | 8.61 | 56,234 | 8.67 | 2,404 | 4.47 |
| Abroad | 8,758 | 1.40 | 11,432 | 1.76 | 2,674 | 30.53 |
| Language Spoken at Home | | | | | | |
| Population 5 years & over | 593,321 | 100.00 | 616,130 | 100.00 | 22,809 | 3.84 |
| English only | 494,887 | 83.41 | 506,220 | 82.16 | 11,333 | 2.29 |
| Language other than English | 98,434 | 16.59 | 109,910 | 17.84 | 11,476 | 11.66 |
| Speak English less than very well | 33,830 | 5.70 | 36,458 | 5.92 | 2,628 | 7.77 |
| Spanish | 47,192 | 7.95 | 52,917 | 8.59 | 5,725 | 12.13 |
| Speak English less than very well | 19,270 | 3.25 | 21,979 | 3.57 | 2,709 | 14.06 |
| Employment Status | | | | | | |
| Population 16 years & over | 533,647 | 100.00 | 555,126 | 100.00 | 21,479 | 4.02 |
| In labor force | 368,070 | 68.97 | 382,575 | 68.92 | 14,505 | 3.94 |
| Civilian labor force | 364,675 | 68.34 | 379,186 | 68.31 | 14,511 | 3.98 |
| Employed | 326,957 | 61.27 | 345,592 | 62.25 | 18,635 | 5.70 |
| Unemployed | 37,718 | 7.07 | 33,594 | 6.05 | -4,124 | -10.93 |
| Armed forces | 3,395 | 0.64 | 3,389 | 0.61 | -6 | -0.18 |
| Not in labor force | 165,577 | 31.03 | 172,551 | 31.08 | 6,974 | 4.21 |
| Civilian labor force | 364,675 | 68.34 | 379,186 | 68.31 | 14,511 | 3.98 |
| Percent unemployed | 10.30 | | 8.90 | | -1.40 | -13.59 |
| Employment by Industry | | | | | | |
| Civilian employed population 16 years & over | 326,957 | 100.00 | 345,592 | 100.00 | 18,635 | 5.70 |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting, mining | 208 | 0.06 | 210 | 0.06 | 2 | 0.96 |
| Construction | 10,668 | 3.26 | 9,624 | 2.78 | -1,044 | -9.79 |
| Manufacturing | 4,116 | 1.26 | 3,775 | 1.09 | -341 | -8.28 |
| Wholesale trade | 1,641 | 0.50 | 1,607 | 0.46 | -34 | -2.07 |
| Retail trade | 15,412 | 4.71 | 17,048 | 4.93 | 1,636 | 10.62 |
| Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 10,682 | 3.27 | 10,365 | 3.00 | -317 | -2.97 |
| Information | 14,367 | 4.39 | 13,566 | 3.93 | -801 | -5.58 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate | 16,628 | 5.09 | 23,225 | 6.72 | 6,597 | 39.67 |
| Professional, scientific, management | 70,682 | 21.62 | 80,921 | 23.42 | 10,239 | 14.49 |
| Education & health care | 66,389 | 20.31 | 66,325 | 19.19 | -64 | -0.10 |
| Arts, entertainment, recreation | 32,087 | 9.81 | 35,971 | 10.41 | 3,884 | 12.10 |
| Other services | 30,264 | 9.26 | 29,973 | 8.67 | -291 | -0.96 |
| Public administration | 53,813 | 16.46 | 52,982 | 15.33 | -831 | -1.54 |
| Household Income | | | | | | |
| Total households | 266,662 | 100.00 | 277,378 | 100.00 | 10,716 | 4.02 |
| Less than $10,000 | 27,616 | 10.36 | 31,498 | 11.36 | 3,882 | 14.06 |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 11,798 | 4.42 | 10,973 | 3.96 | -825 | -6.99 |
| $15,000 to $24,999 | 20,449 | 7.67 | 20,932 | 7.55 | 483 | 2.36 |
| $25,000 to $34,999 | 19,435 | 7.29 | 18,459 | 6.65 | -976 | -5.02 |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 29,096 | 10.91 | 24,799 | 8.94 | -4,297 | -14.77 |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 36,090 | 13.53 | 36,870 | 13.29 | 780 | 2.16 |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 27,005 | 10.13 | 32,079 | 11.57 | 5,074 | 18.79 |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 41,883 | 15.71 | 40,815 | 14.71 | -1,068 | -2.55 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 20,977 | 7.87 | 23,599 | 8.51 | 2,622 | 12.50 |
| $200,000 or more | 32,313 | 12.12 | 37,354 | 13.47 | 5,041 | 15.60 |
| Median household income | 66,583 | | 71,648 | | 5,065 | 7.61 |
| Mean household income | 102,160 | | 103,525 | | 1,365 | 1.34 |
| Percent Families & People in Poverty | | | | | | |
| All families | 13.90 | | 14.20 | | 0.30 | 2.16 |
| All people | 18.20 | | 17.70 | | -0.50 | -2.75 |
| Housing Occupancy | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 300,247 | 100.00 | 306,184 | 100.00 | 5,937 | 1.98 |
| Occupied housing units | 266,662 | 88.81 | 277,378 | 90.59 | 10,716 | 4.02 |
| Vacant housing units | 33,585 | 11.19 | 28,806 | 9.41 | -4,779 | -14.23 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 2.70 | | 1.70 | | -1.00 | -37.04 |
| Rental vacancy rate | 5.90 | | 5.40 | | -0.50 | -8.47 |
| Units in Structure | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 300,247 | 100.00 | 306,184 | 100.00 | 5,937 | 1.98 |
| 1-unit, detached | 37,044 | 12.34 | 35,141 | 11.48 | -1,903 | -5.14 |
| 1-unit, attached | 72,917 | 24.29 | 77,933 | 25.45 | 5,016 | 6.88 |
| 2 units | 9,212 | 3.07 | 9,370 | 3.06 | 158 | 1.72 |
| 3 or 4 units | 24,054 | 8.01 | 21,720 | 7.09 | -2,334 | -9.70 |
| 5 to 9 units | 20,305 | 6.76 | 24,058 | 7.86 | 3,753 | 18.48 |
| 10 to 19 units | 34,045 | 11.34 | 35,632 | 11.64 | 1,587 | 4.66 |
| 20 or more units | 102,417 | 34.11 | 102,257 | 33.40 | -160 | -0.16 |
| Mobile home, boat, RV etc. | 218 | 0.07 | 73 | 0.02 | -145 | -66.51 |
| Year Structure Built | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 300,247 | 100.00 | 306,184 | 100.00 | 5,937 | 1.98 |
| 2010 or later | 2,121 | 0.71 | 7,268 | 2.37 | 5,147 | 242.67 |
| 2000 to 2009 | 23,869 | 7.95 | 28,782 | 9.40 | 4,913 | 20.58 |
| 1990 to 1999 | 7,622 | 2.54 | 6,960 | 2.27 | -662 | -8.69 |
| 1980 to 1989 | 14,127 | 4.71 | 13,430 | 4.39 | -697 | -4.93 |
| 1970 to 1979 | 27,151 | 9.04 | 25,300 | 8.26 | -1,851 | -6.82 |
| 1960 to 1969 | 38,368 | 12.78 | 34,371 | 11.23 | -3,997 | -10.42 |
| 1950 to 1959 | 41,402 | 13.79 | 39,047 | 12.75 | -2,355 | -5.69 |
| 1940 to 1949 | 38,260 | 12.74 | 38,075 | 12.44 | -185 | -0.48 |
| 1939 or earlier | 107,327 | 35.75 | 112,951 | 36.89 | 5,624 | 5.24 |
| Housing Tenure | | | | | | |
| Occupied housing units | 266,662 | 100.00 | 277,378 | 100.00 | 10,716 | 4.02 |
| Owner-occupied | 110,681 | 41.51 | 112,492 | 40.56 | 1,811 | 1.64 |
| Renter-occupied | 155,981 | 58.49 | 164,886 | 59.44 | 8,905 | 5.71 |
| Avg household size, owner-occupied | 2.31 | | 2.37 | | 0.06 | 2.60 |
| Avg household size, renter-occupied | 2.16 | | 2.13 | | -0.03 | -1.39 |
| Year Householder Moved Into Unit | | | | | | |
| Occupied housing units | 266,662 | 100.00 | 277,378 | 100.00 | 10,716 | 4.02 |
| 2010 or later | 97,238 | 36.46 | 135,466 | 48.84 | 38,228 | 39.31 |
| 2000 to 2009 | 98,152 | 36.81 | 73,555 | 26.52 | -24,597 | -25.06 |
| 1990 to 1999 | 28,934 | 10.85 | 31,693 | 11.43 | 2,759 | 9.54 |
| 1980 to 1989 | 17,838 | 6.69 | 14,317 | 5.16 | -3,521 | -19.74 |
| 1970 to 1979 | 13,165 | 4.94 | 11,616 | 4.19 | -1,549 | -11.77 |
| 1969 or earlier | 11,335 | 4.25 | 10,731 | 3.87 | -604 | -5.33 |
| Occupants per room | | | | | | |
| 1.00 or less | 257,165 | 96.44 | 268,086 | 96.65 | 10,921 | 4.25 |
| 1.01 to 1.50 | 4,585 | 1.72 | 5,116 | 1.84 | 531 | 11.58 |
| 1.51 or more | 4,912 | 1.84 | 4,176 | 1.51 | -736 | -14.98 |
| Housing Value (owner occupied units) | 110,681 | 100.00 | 112,492 | 100.00 | 1,811 | 1.64 |
| Less than $50,000 | 1,069 | 0.97 | 3,330 | 2.96 | 2,261 | 211.51 |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 1,243 | 1.12 | 1,686 | 1.50 | 443 | 35.64 |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 2,172 | 1.96 | 2,565 | 2.28 | 393 | 18.09 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 6,379 | 5.76 | 3,966 | 3.53 | -2,413 | -37.83 |
| $200,000 to $299,999 | 17,127 | 15.47 | 14,262 | 12.68 | -2,865 | -16.73 |
| $300,000 to $499,999 | 33,088 | 29.89 | 32,393 | 28.80 | -695 | -2.10 |
| $500,000 to $999,999 | 37,438 | 33.83 | 39,590 | 35.19 | 2,152 | 5.75 |
| $1,000,000 or more | 12,165 | 10.99 | 14,700 | 13.07 | 2,535 | 20.84 |
| Median | 460,700 | | 486,900 | | 26,200 | 5.69 |
| Selected Monthly Owner Costs (SMOC) | | | | | | |
| Housing units with a mortgage | 87,104 | 100.00 | 85,550 | 100.00 | -1,554 | -1.78 |
| Less than $300 | 39 | 0.04 | 137 | 0.16 | 98 | 251.28 |
| $300 to $499 | 805 | 0.92 | 445 | 0.52 | -360 | -44.72 |
| $500 to $699 | 1,220 | 1.40 | 2,258 | 2.64 | 1,038 | 85.08 |
| $700 to $999 | 3,909 | 4.49 | 5,152 | 6.02 | 1,243 | 31.80 |
| $1,000 to $1,499 | 13,746 | 15.78 | 13,597 | 15.89 | -149 | -1.08 |
| $1,500 to $1,999 | 15,894 | 18.25 | 15,175 | 17.74 | -719 | -4.52 |
| $2,000 or more | 51,491 | 59.11 | 48,786 | 57.03 | -2,705 | -5.25 |
| Median | 2,262 | | 2,194 | | -68 | -3.01 |
| Gross Rent | | | | | | |
| Occupied units paying rent | 152,845 | 100.00 | 158,505 | 100.00 | 5,660 | 3.70 |
| Less than $200 | 5,495 | 3.60 | 3,864 | 2.44 | -1,631 | -29.68 |
| $200 to $299 | 4,832 | 3.16 | 6,332 | 3.99 | 1,500 | 31.04 |
| $300 to $499 | 6,876 | 4.50 | 6,953 | 4.39 | 77 | 1.12 |
| $500 to $749 | 13,065 | 8.55 | 8,440 | 5.32 | -4,625 | -35.40 |
| $750 to $999 | 24,674 | 16.14 | 23,537 | 14.85 | -1,137 | -4.61 |
| $1,000 to $1,499 | 43,064 | 28.17 | 39,329 | 24.81 | -3,735 | -8.67 |
| $1,500 or more | 54,839 | 35.88 | 70,050 | 44.19 | 15,211 | 27.74 |
| Median | 1,235 | | 1,360 | | 125 | 10.12 |
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