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Pennsylvania Demographic-Economic Characteristics and Patterns
This section provides an update on Census 2010 demographics and a richer set of demographic-economic measures for 2012 and 2014
for the state of Pennsylvania.
The table presented below shows demographic-economic characteristics for the state based on the American Community Survey (ACS).
ACS provides post-Census 2010 annual updates for a wide array of demographic-economic data not available from Census 2010.
ACS estimates are available for all geographies (U.S. wall-to-wall) using the 5-year estimates. For areas of 65,000 population or more, 1-year estimates are available.
See more about ACS. Estimates shown in this profile are based on ACS 1-year estimates. See more about comparing these data over time.
Pennsylvania Demographic-Economic Characteristics
| -- ACS 2012 1 year -- | -- ACS 2014 1 year -- | -- Change 2012-14 --
| | Value | Percent | Value | Percent | Value | Percent |
Total Population | 12,763,536 | 100.00 | 12,787,209 | 100.00 | 23,673 | 0.19 |
Male | 6,229,333 | 48.81 | 6,253,250 | 48.90 | 23,917 | 0.38 |
Female | 6,534,203 | 51.19 | 6,533,959 | 51.10 | -244 | 0.00 |
Age | | | | | | |
Under 5 years | 718,316 | 5.63 | 711,460 | 5.56 | -6,856 | -0.95 |
5-9 years | 748,822 | 5.87 | 731,353 | 5.72 | -17,469 | -2.33 |
10-14 years | 776,618 | 6.08 | 781,825 | 6.11 | 5,207 | 0.67 |
15-19 years | 873,913 | 6.85 | 837,945 | 6.55 | -35,968 | -4.12 |
20-24 years | 889,550 | 6.97 | 865,761 | 6.77 | -23,789 | -2.67 |
25-34 years | 1,572,037 | 12.32 | 1,635,951 | 12.79 | 63,914 | 4.07 |
35-44 years | 1,554,970 | 12.18 | 1,518,192 | 11.87 | -36,778 | -2.37 |
45-54 years | 1,876,017 | 14.70 | 1,800,577 | 14.08 | -75,440 | -4.02 |
55-59 years | 928,146 | 7.27 | 941,792 | 7.37 | 13,646 | 1.47 |
60-64 years | 783,217 | 6.14 | 828,254 | 6.48 | 45,037 | 5.75 |
65-74 years | 1,062,517 | 8.32 | 1,153,807 | 9.02 | 91,290 | 8.59 |
75-84 years | 659,446 | 5.17 | 655,263 | 5.12 | -4,183 | -0.63 |
85+ years | 319,967 | 2.51 | 325,029 | 2.54 | 5,062 | 1.58 |
Median age | 40.50 | | 40.70 | | 0.20 | 0.49 |
Race/Origin | | | | | | |
One Race | 12,499,939 | 97.93 | 12,498,052 | 97.74 | -1,887 | -0.02 |
White | 10,456,819 | 81.93 | 10,408,847 | 81.40 | -47,972 | -0.46 |
Black/African American | 1,400,003 | 10.97 | 1,416,865 | 11.08 | 16,862 | 1.20 |
American Indian/Alaska Native | 21,310 | 0.17 | 27,367 | 0.21 | 6,057 | 28.42 |
Asian | 368,996 | 2.89 | 399,285 | 3.12 | 30,289 | 8.21 |
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 7,135 | 0.06 | 4,197 | 0.03 | -2,938 | -41.18 |
Some other race | 245,676 | 1.92 | 241,491 | 1.89 | -4,185 | -1.70 |
Two or more races | 263,597 | 2.07 | 289,157 | 2.26 | 25,560 | 9.70 |
Hispanic (of any race) | 780,862 | 6.12 | 837,487 | 6.55 | 56,625 | 7.25 |
Households by Type | | | | | | |
Total households | 4,958,249 | 100.00 | 4,945,972 | 100.00 | -12,277 | -0.25 |
Families | 3,202,089 | 64.58 | 3,185,054 | 64.40 | -17,035 | -0.53 |
Nonfamily households | 1,756,160 | 35.42 | 1,760,918 | 35.60 | 4,758 | 0.27 |
Average Household Size | 2.49 | | 2.50 | | 0.01 | 0.40 |
Average Family Size | 3.10 | | 3.11 | | 0.01 | 0.32 |
Relationship | | | | | | |
Population in households | 12,335,561 | 96.65 | 12,356,373 | 96.63 | 20,812 | 0.17 |
School Enrollment | | | | | | |
Population 3 & over enrolled | 3,108,390 | 100.00 | 3,011,245 | 100.00 | -97,145 | -3.13 |
Nursery school, preschool | 199,557 | 6.42 | 173,372 | 5.76 | -26,185 | -13.12 |
Kindergarten | 144,683 | 4.65 | 141,954 | 4.71 | -2,729 | -1.89 |
Elementary school (grades 1-8) | 1,214,870 | 39.08 | 1,213,148 | 40.29 | -1,722 | -0.14 |
High school (grades 9-12) | 644,481 | 20.73 | 630,451 | 20.94 | -14,030 | -2.18 |
College or graduate school | 904,799 | 29.11 | 852,320 | 28.30 | -52,479 | -5.80 |
Educational Attainment | | | | | | |
Population 25 years & over | 8,756,317 | 100.00 | 8,858,865 | 100.00 | 102,548 | 1.17 |
Less than 9th grade | 315,187 | 3.60 | 308,874 | 3.49 | -6,313 | -2.00 |
9th to 12th grade, no diploma | 654,162 | 7.47 | 626,094 | 7.07 | -28,068 | -4.29 |
High school graduate (incl equiv) | 3,220,877 | 36.78 | 3,220,327 | 36.35 | -550 | -0.02 |
Some college, no degree | 1,441,806 | 16.47 | 1,434,926 | 16.20 | -6,880 | -0.48 |
Associate's degree | 688,751 | 7.87 | 700,919 | 7.91 | 12,168 | 1.77 |
Bachelor's degree | 1,484,305 | 16.95 | 1,554,120 | 17.54 | 69,815 | 4.70 |
Graduate or professional degree | 951,229 | 10.86 | 1,013,605 | 11.44 | 62,376 | 6.56 |
Percent high school graduate or higher | 88.90 | | 89.40 | | 0.50 | 0.56 |
Percent bachelor's degree or higher | 27.80 | | 29.00 | | 1.20 | 4.32 |
Residence 1 year ago | 12,630,082 | 100.00 | 12,645,888 | 100.00 | 15,806 | 0.13 |
Same house | 11,107,110 | 87.94 | 11,103,966 | 87.81 | -3,144 | -0.03 |
Different house in U.S. | 1,467,878 | 11.62 | 1,474,423 | 11.66 | 6,545 | 0.45 |
Same county | 921,127 | 7.29 | 908,615 | 7.19 | -12,512 | -1.36 |
Different county | 546,751 | 4.33 | 565,808 | 4.47 | 19,057 | 3.49 |
Same state | 331,251 | 2.62 | 332,919 | 2.63 | 1,668 | 0.50 |
Different state | 215,500 | 1.71 | 232,889 | 1.84 | 17,389 | 8.07 |
Abroad | 55,094 | 0.44 | 67,499 | 0.53 | 12,405 | 22.52 |
Language Spoken at Home | | | | | | |
Population 5 years & over | 12,045,220 | 100.00 | 12,075,749 | 100.00 | 30,529 | 0.25 |
English only | 10,767,564 | 89.39 | 10,773,444 | 89.22 | 5,880 | 0.05 |
Language other than English | 1,277,656 | 10.61 | 1,302,305 | 10.78 | 24,649 | 1.93 |
Speak English less than very well | 490,564 | 4.07 | 501,366 | 4.15 | 10,802 | 2.20 |
Spanish | 549,343 | 4.56 | 572,325 | 4.74 | 22,982 | 4.18 |
Speak English less than very well | 215,975 | 1.79 | 233,003 | 1.93 | 17,028 | 7.88 |
Employment Status | | | | | | |
Population 16 years & over | 10,366,567 | 100.00 | 10,405,544 | 100.00 | 38,977 | 0.38 |
In labor force | 6,513,773 | 62.83 | 6,507,479 | 62.54 | -6,294 | -0.10 |
Civilian labor force | 6,507,394 | 62.77 | 6,503,715 | 62.50 | -3,679 | -0.06 |
Employed | 5,931,277 | 57.22 | 6,045,924 | 58.10 | 114,647 | 1.93 |
Unemployed | 576,117 | 5.56 | 457,791 | 4.40 | -118,326 | -20.54 |
Armed forces | 6,379 | 0.06 | 3,764 | 0.04 | -2,615 | -40.99 |
Not in labor force | 3,852,794 | 37.17 | 3,898,065 | 37.46 | 45,271 | 1.18 |
Civilian labor force | 6,507,394 | 62.77 | 6,503,715 | 62.50 | -3,679 | -0.06 |
Percent unemployed | 8.90 | | 7.00 | | -1.90 | -21.35 |
Employment by Industry | | | | | | |
Civilian employed population 16 years & over | 5,931,277 | 100.00 | 6,045,924 | 100.00 | 114,647 | 1.93 |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting, mining | 86,233 | 1.45 | 91,485 | 1.51 | 5,252 | 6.09 |
Construction | 332,177 | 5.60 | 359,108 | 5.94 | 26,931 | 8.11 |
Manufacturing | 728,625 | 12.28 | 713,009 | 11.79 | -15,616 | -2.14 |
Wholesale trade | 164,596 | 2.78 | 169,657 | 2.81 | 5,061 | 3.07 |
Retail trade | 702,787 | 11.85 | 707,105 | 11.70 | 4,318 | 0.61 |
Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 298,932 | 5.04 | 306,822 | 5.07 | 7,890 | 2.64 |
Information | 100,921 | 1.70 | 104,433 | 1.73 | 3,512 | 3.48 |
Finance, insurance, real estate | 374,736 | 6.32 | 391,845 | 6.48 | 17,109 | 4.57 |
Professional, scientific, management | 577,210 | 9.73 | 596,679 | 9.87 | 19,469 | 3.37 |
Education & health care | 1,551,286 | 26.15 | 1,561,732 | 25.83 | 10,446 | 0.67 |
Arts, entertainment, recreation | 493,275 | 8.32 | 517,772 | 8.56 | 24,497 | 4.97 |
Other services | 276,154 | 4.66 | 285,504 | 4.72 | 9,350 | 3.39 |
Public administration | 244,345 | 4.12 | 240,773 | 3.98 | -3,572 | -1.46 |
Household Income | | | | | | |
Total households | 4,958,249 | 100.00 | 4,945,972 | 100.00 | -12,277 | -0.25 |
Less than $10,000 | 359,101 | 7.24 | 350,464 | 7.09 | -8,637 | -2.41 |
$10,000 to $14,999 | 280,596 | 5.66 | 261,749 | 5.29 | -18,847 | -6.72 |
$15,000 to $24,999 | 561,774 | 11.33 | 525,562 | 10.63 | -36,212 | -6.45 |
$25,000 to $34,999 | 526,826 | 10.63 | 497,954 | 10.07 | -28,872 | -5.48 |
$35,000 to $49,999 | 684,917 | 13.81 | 679,803 | 13.74 | -5,114 | -0.75 |
$50,000 to $74,999 | 920,933 | 18.57 | 908,983 | 18.38 | -11,950 | -1.30 |
$75,000 to $99,999 | 617,796 | 12.46 | 614,821 | 12.43 | -2,975 | -0.48 |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 601,834 | 12.14 | 642,538 | 12.99 | 40,704 | 6.76 |
$150,000 to $199,999 | 208,306 | 4.20 | 238,151 | 4.82 | 29,845 | 14.33 |
$200,000 or more | 196,166 | 3.96 | 225,947 | 4.57 | 29,781 | 15.18 |
Median household income | 51,230 | | 53,234 | | 2,004 | 3.91 |
Mean household income | 69,340 | | 73,112 | | 3,772 | 5.44 |
Percent Families & People in Poverty | | | | | | |
All families | 9.50 | | 9.40 | | -0.10 | -1.05 |
All people | 13.70 | | 13.60 | | -0.10 | -0.73 |
Housing Occupancy | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 5,572,765 | 100.00 | 5,590,712 | 100.00 | 17,947 | 0.32 |
Occupied housing units | 4,958,249 | 88.97 | 4,945,972 | 88.47 | -12,277 | -0.25 |
Vacant housing units | 614,516 | 11.03 | 644,740 | 11.53 | 30,224 | 4.92 |
Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.80 | | 1.60 | | -0.20 | -11.11 |
Rental vacancy rate | 5.90 | | 6.40 | | 0.50 | 8.47 |
Units in Structure | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 5,572,765 | 100.00 | 5,590,712 | 100.00 | 17,947 | 0.32 |
1-unit, detached | 3,178,997 | 57.05 | 3,193,588 | 57.12 | 14,591 | 0.46 |
1-unit, attached | 1,010,464 | 18.13 | 1,030,394 | 18.43 | 19,930 | 1.97 |
2 units | 266,680 | 4.79 | 258,336 | 4.62 | -8,344 | -3.13 |
3 or 4 units | 234,339 | 4.21 | 234,066 | 4.19 | -273 | -0.12 |
5 to 9 units | 184,529 | 3.31 | 180,612 | 3.23 | -3,917 | -2.12 |
10 to 19 units | 138,058 | 2.48 | 139,983 | 2.50 | 1,925 | 1.39 |
20 or more units | 336,448 | 6.04 | 329,790 | 5.90 | -6,658 | -1.98 |
Mobile home, boat, RV etc. | 222,035 | 3.98 | 222,733 | 3.98 | 698 | 0.31 |
Year Structure Built | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 5,572,765 | 100.00 | 5,590,712 | 100.00 | 17,947 | 0.32 |
2010 or later | 28,948 | 0.52 | 69,621 | 1.25 | 40,673 | 140.50 |
2000 to 2009 | 473,972 | 8.51 | 462,747 | 8.28 | -11,225 | -2.37 |
1990 to 1999 | 514,812 | 9.24 | 529,240 | 9.47 | 14,428 | 2.80 |
1980 to 1989 | 541,599 | 9.72 | 534,502 | 9.56 | -7,097 | -1.31 |
1970 to 1979 | 700,652 | 12.57 | 701,139 | 12.54 | 487 | 0.07 |
1960 to 1969 | 574,813 | 10.31 | 581,345 | 10.40 | 6,532 | 1.14 |
1950 to 1959 | 781,818 | 14.03 | 772,910 | 13.82 | -8,908 | -1.14 |
1940 to 1949 | 441,181 | 7.92 | 442,888 | 7.92 | 1,707 | 0.39 |
1939 or earlier | 1,514,970 | 27.19 | 1,496,320 | 26.76 | -18,650 | -1.23 |
Housing Tenure | | | | | | |
Occupied housing units | 4,958,249 | 100.00 | 4,945,972 | 100.00 | -12,277 | -0.25 |
Owner-occupied | 3,416,499 | 68.91 | 3,404,164 | 68.83 | -12,335 | -0.36 |
Renter-occupied | 1,541,750 | 31.09 | 1,541,808 | 31.17 | 58 | 0.00 |
Avg household size, owner-occupied | 2.60 | | 2.61 | | 0.01 | 0.38 |
Avg household size, renter-occupied | 2.24 | | 2.26 | | 0.02 | 0.89 |
Year Householder Moved Into Unit | | | | | | |
Occupied housing units | 4,958,249 | 100.00 | 4,945,972 | 100.00 | -12,277 | -0.25 |
2010 or later | 1,039,778 | 20.97 | 1,518,052 | 30.69 | 478,274 | 46.00 |
2000 to 2009 | 1,826,303 | 36.83 | 1,504,025 | 30.41 | -322,278 | -17.65 |
1990 to 1999 | 854,425 | 17.23 | 791,713 | 16.01 | -62,712 | -7.34 |
1980 to 1989 | 497,114 | 10.03 | 458,366 | 9.27 | -38,748 | -7.79 |
1970 to 1979 | 360,484 | 7.27 | 337,395 | 6.82 | -23,089 | -6.40 |
1969 or earlier | 380,145 | 7.67 | 336,421 | 6.80 | -43,724 | -11.50 |
Occupants per room | | | | | | |
1.00 or less | 4,893,257 | 98.69 | 4,881,312 | 98.69 | -11,945 | -0.24 |
1.01 to 1.50 | 46,623 | 0.94 | 45,390 | 0.92 | -1,233 | -2.64 |
1.51 or more | 18,369 | 0.37 | 19,270 | 0.39 | 901 | 4.91 |
Housing Value (owner occupied units) | 3,416,499 | 100.00 | 3,404,164 | 100.00 | -12,335 | -0.36 |
Less than $50,000 | 313,473 | 9.18 | 328,082 | 9.64 | 14,609 | 4.66 |
$50,000 to $99,999 | 609,543 | 17.84 | 574,291 | 16.87 | -35,252 | -5.78 |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 592,470 | 17.34 | 580,154 | 17.04 | -12,316 | -2.08 |
$150,000 to $199,999 | 596,655 | 17.46 | 597,244 | 17.54 | 589 | 0.10 |
$200,000 to $299,999 | 689,364 | 20.18 | 681,375 | 20.02 | -7,989 | -1.16 |
$300,000 to $499,999 | 429,634 | 12.58 | 457,007 | 13.42 | 27,373 | 6.37 |
$500,000 to $999,999 | 153,933 | 4.51 | 155,234 | 4.56 | 1,301 | 0.85 |
$1,000,000 or more | 31,427 | 0.92 | 30,777 | 0.90 | -650 | -2.07 |
Median | 163,800 | | 165,400 | | 1,600 | 0.98 |
Selected Monthly Owner Costs (SMOC) | | | | | | |
Housing units with a mortgage | 2,122,249 | 100.00 | 2,061,546 | 100.00 | -60,703 | -2.86 |
Less than $300 | 2,996 | 0.14 | 3,835 | 0.19 | 839 | 28.00 |
$300 to $499 | 41,947 | 1.98 | 37,679 | 1.83 | -4,268 | -10.17 |
$500 to $699 | 134,539 | 6.34 | 125,713 | 6.10 | -8,826 | -6.56 |
$700 to $999 | 362,643 | 17.09 | 344,766 | 16.72 | -17,877 | -4.93 |
$1,000 to $1,499 | 669,861 | 31.56 | 638,009 | 30.95 | -31,852 | -4.76 |
$1,500 to $1,999 | 426,126 | 20.08 | 439,073 | 21.30 | 12,947 | 3.04 |
$2,000 or more | 484,137 | 22.81 | 472,471 | 22.92 | -11,666 | -2.41 |
Median | 1,382 | | 1,400 | | 18 | 1.30 |
Gross Rent | | | | | | |
Occupied units paying rent | 1,452,194 | 100.00 | 1,447,547 | 100.00 | -4,647 | -0.32 |
Less than $200 | 37,081 | 2.55 | 27,410 | 1.89 | -9,671 | -26.08 |
$200 to $299 | 60,074 | 4.14 | 63,348 | 4.38 | 3,274 | 5.45 |
$300 to $499 | 152,018 | 10.47 | 124,640 | 8.61 | -27,378 | -18.01 |
$500 to $749 | 394,510 | 27.17 | 348,773 | 24.09 | -45,737 | -11.59 |
$750 to $999 | 389,863 | 26.85 | 389,379 | 26.90 | -484 | -0.12 |
$1,000 to $1,499 | 299,355 | 20.61 | 353,911 | 24.45 | 54,556 | 18.22 |
$1,500 or more | 119,293 | 8.21 | 140,086 | 9.68 | 20,793 | 17.43 |
Median | 798 | | 848 | | 50 | 6.27 |
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