Climate Change

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U.S. by County Climate Change

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. While these shifts can be natural, the term is now primarily used to describe the significant and rapid changes observed since the 1800s, overwhelmingly driven by human activities. This document summaries tools and data focused on climate change.

Caution. This document is in a stage of development. It varies as to completeness by topic covered. Contact ProximityOne at (888) 364-7656 for additional information.

Visual Data Analytics Project

Key Census Bureau Resources

Community Resilience Estimates (CRE): The Census Bureau produces CRE, which are data products that measure a s capacity to withstand climate stressors like extreme heat. They adjust for factors like housing quality, transportation, and financial hardship to identify vulnerable populations.

Studying Population Impacts: The Census Bureau's demographic data is used to research the effects of climate change, such as its link to internal migration. It also helps analyze how climate change impacts specific populations, like those more vulnerable to extreme heat.

The Opportunity Project: The Census Bureau is a key partner in this initiative, which brings together government, industry, and community groups. Teams use federal open data to build new technologies and tools to help solve problems, including those related to climate change, say NOAA and the Census Bureau and the Census Bureau.

upporting Other Climate Tools: The Census Bureau's data is a fundamental input for other tools and indexes. For example, the U.S. Climate Vulnerability Index uses over 180 datasets, including Census data, to identify communities most at risk.

NOAA Climate Explorer (U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit)

What it offers: Interactive graphs and maps showing past, present, and projected future climate conditions for every county in the United States.

Data types: Temperature (e.g., projected days above 100 degree), precipitation, and related variables under different emissions scenarios.

How to use it: Enter a city or county name on their main page to get started.

USGS National Climate Change Viewer (NCCV)

What it offers: Visualizations and comprehensive summary reports (PDF/CSV) of downscaled climate projections for any state or county.

Data types: Projected changes in maximum/minimum air temperature, precipitation, and water balance variables (snow water equivalent, runoff, soil water storage).

Timeframes: Historical (1981-2010) and three future periods (2025-2049, 2050-2074, and 2075-2099).

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) - Climate Data Online (CDO)

What it offers: Direct access to a huge archive of historical weather and climate data.

Data types: Historical temperature, rainfall, and severe storm events by county.

Tool: Their "Climate at a Glance | County Mapping" tool is a good place to start for quick historical overviews.

USDA Climate Quick Reference Guides

What it offers: Quick reference guides (one-page PDFs) showing recent (last 30 years) and projected (mid to late century) changes that impact agricultural production for a specific county.

Vulnerability and Risk Indices

These resources combine climate hazard data with social and economic factors to show overall risk.

U.S. Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI)

What it offers: Ranks more than 70,000 U.S. Census tracts (a finer resolution than counties) based on their vulnerability to climate change impacts.

Data types: Integrates 184 datasets across seven broad domains, including health, infrastructure, and extreme events. It helps identify communities facing the greatest challenges.

NASA SEDAC U.S. Climate Risk Projections by County, 2040-2049

What it offers: A novel climate risk index for the contiguous U.S. at the county level.

Data types: Integrates multiple hazards (heat wave, drought, heavy precipitation), exposure (population, infrastructure), and social vulnerability. at specific type of climate change data are you looking for (e.g., temperature projections, sea level rise, or a vulnerability score)?

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Additional Information
ProximityOne develops geographic-demographic-economic data and analytical tools and helps organizations knit together and use diverse data in a decision-making and analytical framework. We develop custom demographic/economic estimates and projections, develop geographic and geocoded address files, and assist with impact and geospatial analyses. Wide-ranging organizations use our tools (software, data, methodologies) to analyze their own data integrated with other data. Contact ProximityOne (888-364-7656) with questions about data covered in this section or to discuss custom estimates, projections or analyses for your areas of interest.