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References and Resources |
  
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References and Resources |
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A shapefile is a digital vector fileset used in mapping applications and contains geometric location and associated attribute information. A shapefile typically contains geographic attributes for points, lines or polygons structured in a specific format. A shapefile that might be referenced as xyz.shp actually consists of a minimum of three files: xyz.shp, xyz.shx, and xyz.dbf.
The process of assigning geographic codes, most often longitude and latitude -- the (x,y) location on the earth surface -- to an address and creating a geocoded address file.
A code, consisting of one or more alphanumeric or special-text characters, used to identify a geographic entity. Also referred to as a geographic identifier. Examples of widely used geocodes: ZIP code, state FIPS code, county FIPS code, census tract code, block group code, place code, school district code. Geocodes provide a standardized, coded, method of uniquely identifying geographic areas for computer processing applications not possible using only the name of an area.
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