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California Demographic-Economic Characteristics and Patterns
This section provides an update on Census 2010 demographics and a richer set of demographic-economic measures for 2012 and 2014
for the state of California.
The table presented below shows demographic-economic characteristics for the state based on the American Community Survey (ACS).
ACS provides post-Census 2010 annual updates for a wide array of demographic-economic data not available from Census 2010.
ACS estimates are available for all geographies (U.S. wall-to-wall) using the 5-year estimates. For areas of 65,000 population or more, 1-year estimates are available.
See more about ACS. Estimates shown in this profile are based on ACS 1-year estimates. See more about comparing these data over time.
California Demographic-Economic Characteristics
| | -- ACS 2012 1 year -- | -- ACS 2014 1 year -- | -- Change 2012-14 --
| | | Value | Percent | Value | Percent | Value | Percent |
| Total Population | 38,041,430 | 100.00 | 38,802,500 | 100.00 | 761,070 | 2.00 |
| Male | 18,917,773 | 49.73 | 19,264,457 | 49.65 | 346,684 | 1.83 |
| Female | 19,123,657 | 50.27 | 19,538,043 | 50.35 | 414,386 | 2.17 |
| Age | | | | | | |
| Under 5 years | 2,536,810 | 6.67 | 2,511,692 | 6.47 | -25,118 | -0.99 |
| 5-9 years | 2,536,490 | 6.67 | 2,559,538 | 6.60 | 23,048 | 0.91 |
| 10-14 years | 2,552,120 | 6.71 | 2,525,146 | 6.51 | -26,974 | -1.06 |
| 15-19 years | 2,718,832 | 7.15 | 2,636,011 | 6.79 | -82,821 | -3.05 |
| 20-24 years | 2,917,394 | 7.67 | 2,915,821 | 7.51 | -1,573 | -0.05 |
| 25-34 years | 5,474,318 | 14.39 | 5,722,924 | 14.75 | 248,606 | 4.54 |
| 35-44 years | 5,175,188 | 13.60 | 5,184,418 | 13.36 | 9,230 | 0.18 |
| 45-54 years | 5,227,892 | 13.74 | 5,235,948 | 13.49 | 8,056 | 0.15 |
| 55-59 years | 2,331,466 | 6.13 | 2,421,544 | 6.24 | 90,078 | 3.86 |
| 60-64 years | 1,971,527 | 5.18 | 2,099,366 | 5.41 | 127,839 | 6.48 |
| 65-74 years | 2,537,154 | 6.67 | 2,836,598 | 7.31 | 299,444 | 11.80 |
| 75-84 years | 1,412,311 | 3.71 | 1,486,675 | 3.83 | 74,364 | 5.27 |
| 85+ years | 649,928 | 1.71 | 666,819 | 1.72 | 16,891 | 2.60 |
| Median age | 35.50 | | 36.00 | | 0.50 | 1.41 |
| Race/Origin | | | | | | |
| One Race | 36,357,570 | 95.57 | 37,022,711 | 95.41 | 665,141 | 1.83 |
| White | 23,628,545 | 62.11 | 23,814,044 | 61.37 | 185,499 | 0.79 |
| Black/African American | 2,263,723 | 5.95 | 2,259,681 | 5.82 | -4,042 | -0.18 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 285,342 | 0.75 | 286,631 | 0.74 | 1,289 | 0.45 |
| Asian | 5,120,354 | 13.46 | 5,398,090 | 13.91 | 277,736 | 5.42 |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 146,712 | 0.39 | 150,072 | 0.39 | 3,360 | 2.29 |
| Some other race | 4,912,894 | 12.91 | 5,114,193 | 13.18 | 201,299 | 4.10 |
| Two or more races | 1,683,860 | 4.43 | 1,779,789 | 4.59 | 95,929 | 5.70 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 14,537,661 | 38.22 | 14,988,770 | 38.63 | 451,109 | 3.10 |
| Households by Type | | | | | | |
| Total households | 12,552,658 | 100.00 | 12,758,648 | 100.00 | 205,990 | 1.64 |
| Families | 8,585,787 | 68.40 | 8,762,059 | 68.68 | 176,272 | 2.05 |
| Nonfamily households | 3,966,871 | 31.60 | 3,996,589 | 31.32 | 29,718 | 0.75 |
| Average Household Size | 2.97 | | 2.98 | | 0.01 | 0.34 |
| Average Family Size | 3.57 | | 3.56 | | -0.01 | -0.28 |
| Relationship | | | | | | |
| Population in households | 37,225,859 | 97.86 | 37,985,370 | 97.89 | 759,511 | 2.04 |
| School Enrollment | | | | | | |
| Population 3 & over enrolled | 10,678,252 | 100.00 | 10,531,321 | 100.00 | -146,931 | -1.38 |
| Nursery school, preschool | 591,188 | 5.54 | 581,804 | 5.52 | -9,384 | -1.59 |
| Kindergarten | 520,325 | 4.87 | 510,695 | 4.85 | -9,630 | -1.85 |
| Elementary school (grades 1-8) | 4,064,573 | 38.06 | 4,038,417 | 38.35 | -26,156 | -0.64 |
| High school (grades 9-12) | 2,250,021 | 21.07 | 2,208,576 | 20.97 | -41,445 | -1.84 |
| College or graduate school | 3,252,145 | 30.46 | 3,191,829 | 30.31 | -60,316 | -1.85 |
| Educational Attainment | | | | | | |
| Population 25 years & over | 24,779,784 | 100.00 | 25,654,292 | 100.00 | 874,508 | 3.53 |
| Less than 9th grade | 2,509,483 | 10.13 | 2,555,427 | 9.96 | 45,944 | 1.83 |
| 9th to 12th grade, no diploma | 2,077,250 | 8.38 | 2,038,098 | 7.94 | -39,152 | -1.88 |
| High school graduate (incl equiv) | 5,107,967 | 20.61 | 5,360,853 | 20.90 | 252,886 | 4.95 |
| Some college, no degree | 5,465,458 | 22.06 | 5,560,560 | 21.67 | 95,102 | 1.74 |
| Associate's degree | 1,959,097 | 7.91 | 2,002,684 | 7.81 | 43,587 | 2.22 |
| Bachelor's degree | 4,865,203 | 19.63 | 5,120,162 | 19.96 | 254,959 | 5.24 |
| Graduate or professional degree | 2,795,326 | 11.28 | 3,016,508 | 11.76 | 221,182 | 7.91 |
| Percent high school graduate or higher | 81.50 | | 82.10 | | 0.60 | 0.74 |
| Percent bachelor's degree or higher | 30.90 | | 31.70 | | 0.80 | 2.59 |
| Residence 1 year ago | 37,572,738 | 100.00 | 38,340,324 | 100.00 | 767,586 | 2.04 |
| Same house | 31,777,868 | 84.58 | 32,849,251 | 85.68 | 1,071,383 | 3.37 |
| Different house in U.S. | 5,540,259 | 14.75 | 5,173,052 | 13.49 | -367,207 | -6.63 |
| Same county | 3,989,910 | 10.62 | 3,568,783 | 9.31 | -421,127 | -10.55 |
| Different county | 1,550,349 | 4.13 | 1,604,269 | 4.18 | 53,920 | 3.48 |
| Same state | 1,056,708 | 2.81 | 1,090,301 | 2.84 | 33,593 | 3.18 |
| Different state | 493,641 | 1.31 | 513,968 | 1.34 | 20,327 | 4.12 |
| Abroad | 254,611 | 0.68 | 318,021 | 0.83 | 63,410 | 24.90 |
| Language Spoken at Home | | | | | | |
| Population 5 years & over | 35,504,620 | 100.00 | 36,290,808 | 100.00 | 786,188 | 2.21 |
| English only | 19,781,507 | 55.72 | 20,361,508 | 56.11 | 580,001 | 2.93 |
| Language other than English | 15,723,113 | 44.28 | 15,929,300 | 43.89 | 206,187 | 1.31 |
| Speak English less than very well | 6,747,817 | 19.01 | 6,724,168 | 18.53 | -23,649 | -0.35 |
| Spanish | 10,301,841 | 29.02 | 10,437,293 | 28.76 | 135,452 | 1.31 |
| Speak English less than very well | 4,455,729 | 12.55 | 4,364,806 | 12.03 | -90,923 | -2.04 |
| Employment Status | | | | | | |
| Population 16 years & over | 29,884,983 | 100.00 | 30,704,439 | 100.00 | 819,456 | 2.74 |
| In labor force | 19,068,155 | 63.81 | 19,406,593 | 63.20 | 338,438 | 1.77 |
| Civilian labor force | 18,929,227 | 63.34 | 19,276,719 | 62.78 | 347,492 | 1.84 |
| Employed | 16,778,061 | 56.14 | 17,638,152 | 57.44 | 860,091 | 5.13 |
| Unemployed | 2,151,166 | 7.20 | 1,638,567 | 5.34 | -512,599 | -23.83 |
| Armed forces | 138,928 | 0.46 | 129,874 | 0.42 | -9,054 | -6.52 |
| Not in labor force | 10,816,828 | 36.19 | 11,297,846 | 36.80 | 481,018 | 4.45 |
| Civilian labor force | 18,929,227 | 63.34 | 19,276,719 | 62.78 | 347,492 | 1.84 |
| Percent unemployed | 11.40 | | 8.50 | | -2.90 | -25.44 |
| Employment by Industry | | | | | | |
| Civilian employed population 16 years & over | 16,778,061 | 100.00 | 17,638,152 | 100.00 | 860,091 | 5.13 |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting, mining | 412,318 | 2.46 | 420,979 | 2.39 | 8,661 | 2.10 |
| Construction | 983,602 | 5.86 | 1,064,294 | 6.03 | 80,692 | 8.20 |
| Manufacturing | 1,660,819 | 9.90 | 1,718,093 | 9.74 | 57,274 | 3.45 |
| Wholesale trade | 503,594 | 3.00 | 542,536 | 3.08 | 38,942 | 7.73 |
| Retail trade | 1,892,209 | 11.28 | 1,927,958 | 10.93 | 35,749 | 1.89 |
| Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 769,009 | 4.58 | 830,311 | 4.71 | 61,302 | 7.97 |
| Information | 475,122 | 2.83 | 528,556 | 3.00 | 53,434 | 11.25 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate | 1,058,597 | 6.31 | 1,083,944 | 6.15 | 25,347 | 2.39 |
| Professional, scientific, management | 2,140,616 | 12.76 | 2,271,628 | 12.88 | 131,012 | 6.12 |
| Education & health care | 3,518,296 | 20.97 | 3,681,807 | 20.87 | 163,511 | 4.65 |
| Arts, entertainment, recreation | 1,701,284 | 10.14 | 1,860,773 | 10.55 | 159,489 | 9.37 |
| Other services | 916,873 | 5.46 | 953,146 | 5.40 | 36,273 | 3.96 |
| Public administration | 745,722 | 4.44 | 754,127 | 4.28 | 8,405 | 1.13 |
| Household Income | | | | | | |
| Total households | 12,552,658 | 100.00 | 12,758,648 | 100.00 | 205,990 | 1.64 |
| Less than $10,000 | 794,831 | 6.33 | 756,518 | 5.93 | -38,313 | -4.82 |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 671,941 | 5.35 | 653,293 | 5.12 | -18,648 | -2.78 |
| $15,000 to $24,999 | 1,268,861 | 10.11 | 1,187,851 | 9.31 | -81,010 | -6.38 |
| $25,000 to $34,999 | 1,150,308 | 9.16 | 1,138,693 | 8.92 | -11,615 | -1.01 |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 1,585,035 | 12.63 | 1,527,424 | 11.97 | -57,611 | -3.63 |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 2,129,072 | 16.96 | 2,110,671 | 16.54 | -18,401 | -0.86 |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 1,500,192 | 11.95 | 1,541,329 | 12.08 | 41,137 | 2.74 |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 1,801,399 | 14.35 | 1,907,294 | 14.95 | 105,895 | 5.88 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 794,583 | 6.33 | 899,240 | 7.05 | 104,657 | 13.17 |
| $200,000 or more | 856,436 | 6.82 | 1,036,335 | 8.12 | 179,899 | 21.01 |
| Median household income | 58,328 | | 61,933 | | 3,605 | 6.18 |
| Mean household income | 82,159 | | 88,595 | | 6,436 | 7.83 |
| Percent Families & People in Poverty | | | | | | |
| All families | 12.90 | | 12.20 | | -0.70 | -5.43 |
| All people | 17.00 | | 16.40 | | -0.60 | -3.53 |
| Housing Occupancy | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 13,708,197 | 100.00 | 13,901,594 | 100.00 | 193,397 | 1.41 |
| Occupied housing units | 12,552,658 | 91.57 | 12,758,648 | 91.78 | 205,990 | 1.64 |
| Vacant housing units | 1,155,539 | 8.43 | 1,142,946 | 8.22 | -12,593 | -1.09 |
| Homeowner vacancy rate | 1.60 | | 1.30 | | -0.30 | -18.75 |
| Rental vacancy rate | 4.50 | | 3.90 | | -0.60 | -13.33 |
| Units in Structure | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 13,708,197 | 100.00 | 13,901,594 | 100.00 | 193,397 | 1.41 |
| 1-unit, detached | 7,943,381 | 57.95 | 8,067,344 | 58.03 | 123,963 | 1.56 |
| 1-unit, attached | 936,625 | 6.83 | 965,307 | 6.94 | 28,682 | 3.06 |
| 2 units | 347,522 | 2.54 | 350,799 | 2.52 | 3,277 | 0.94 |
| 3 or 4 units | 765,100 | 5.58 | 781,016 | 5.62 | 15,916 | 2.08 |
| 5 to 9 units | 840,520 | 6.13 | 876,765 | 6.31 | 36,245 | 4.31 |
| 10 to 19 units | 748,586 | 5.46 | 723,019 | 5.20 | -25,567 | -3.42 |
| 20 or more units | 1,598,190 | 11.66 | 1,594,301 | 11.47 | -3,889 | -0.24 |
| Mobile home, boat, RV etc. | 513,692 | 3.75 | 527,939 | 3.80 | 14,247 | 2.77 |
| Year Structure Built | | | | | | |
| Total housing units | 13,708,197 | 100.00 | 13,901,594 | 100.00 | 193,397 | 1.41 |
| 2010 or later | 83,715 | 0.61 | 179,632 | 1.29 | 95,917 | 114.58 |
| 2000 to 2009 | 1,652,314 | 12.05 | 1,623,930 | 11.68 | -28,384 | -1.72 |
| 1990 to 1999 | 1,458,351 | 10.64 | 1,493,455 | 10.74 | 35,104 | 2.41 |
| 1980 to 1989 | 2,095,276 | 15.28 | 2,140,655 | 15.40 | 45,379 | 2.17 |
| 1970 to 1979 | 2,489,807 | 18.16 | 2,499,782 | 17.98 | 9,975 | 0.40 |
| 1960 to 1969 | 1,848,544 | 13.48 | 1,899,109 | 13.66 | 50,565 | 2.74 |
| 1950 to 1959 | 1,904,925 | 13.90 | 1,890,857 | 13.60 | -14,068 | -0.74 |
| 1940 to 1949 | 860,219 | 6.28 | 867,110 | 6.24 | 6,891 | 0.80 |
| 1939 or earlier | 1,315,046 | 9.59 | 1,307,064 | 9.40 | -7,982 | -0.61 |
| Housing Tenure | | | | | | |
| Occupied housing units | 12,552,658 | 100.00 | 12,758,648 | 100.00 | 205,990 | 1.64 |
| Owner-occupied | 6,781,817 | 54.03 | 6,855,688 | 53.73 | 73,871 | 1.09 |
| Renter-occupied | 5,770,841 | 45.97 | 5,902,960 | 46.27 | 132,119 | 2.29 |
| Avg household size, owner-occupied | 3.00 | | 3.01 | | 0.01 | 0.33 |
| Avg household size, renter-occupied | 2.93 | | 2.94 | | 0.01 | 0.34 |
| Year Householder Moved Into Unit | | | | | | |
| Occupied housing units | 12,552,658 | 100.00 | 12,758,648 | 100.00 | 205,990 | 1.64 |
| 2010 or later | 3,805,119 | 30.31 | 5,340,409 | 41.86 | 1,535,290 | 40.35 |
| 2000 to 2009 | 4,859,821 | 38.72 | 3,842,919 | 30.12 | -1,016,902 | -20.92 |
| 1990 to 1999 | 1,971,015 | 15.70 | 1,805,101 | 14.15 | -165,914 | -8.42 |
| 1980 to 1989 | 946,575 | 7.54 | 882,846 | 6.92 | -63,729 | -6.73 |
| 1970 to 1979 | 590,763 | 4.71 | 555,579 | 4.35 | -35,184 | -5.96 |
| 1969 or earlier | 379,365 | 3.02 | 331,794 | 2.60 | -47,571 | -12.54 |
| Occupants per room | | | | | | |
| 1.00 or less | 11,523,780 | 91.80 | 11,710,871 | 91.79 | 187,091 | 1.62 |
| 1.01 to 1.50 | 680,436 | 5.42 | 706,632 | 5.54 | 26,196 | 3.85 |
| 1.51 or more | 348,442 | 2.78 | 341,145 | 2.67 | -7,297 | -2.09 |
| Housing Value (owner occupied units) | 6,781,817 | 100.00 | 6,855,688 | 100.00 | 73,871 | 1.09 |
| Less than $50,000 | 277,446 | 4.09 | 358,905 | 5.24 | 81,459 | 29.36 |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 339,259 | 5.00 | 227,050 | 3.31 | -112,209 | -33.07 |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 485,825 | 7.16 | 293,875 | 4.29 | -191,950 | -39.51 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 597,275 | 8.81 | 417,903 | 6.10 | -179,372 | -30.03 |
| $200,000 to $299,999 | 1,156,729 | 17.06 | 958,127 | 13.98 | -198,602 | -17.17 |
| $300,000 to $499,999 | 1,836,285 | 27.08 | 1,934,465 | 28.22 | 98,180 | 5.35 |
| $500,000 to $999,999 | 1,609,248 | 23.73 | 1,988,688 | 29.01 | 379,440 | 23.58 |
| $1,000,000 or more | 479,750 | 7.07 | 676,675 | 9.87 | 196,925 | 41.05 |
| Median | 349,400 | | 412,700 | | 63,300 | 18.12 |
| Selected Monthly Owner Costs (SMOC) | | | | | | |
| Housing units with a mortgage | 5,013,594 | 100.00 | 4,929,106 | 100.00 | -84,488 | -1.69 |
| Less than $300 | 5,492 | 0.11 | 13,935 | 0.28 | 8,443 | 153.73 |
| $300 to $499 | 34,740 | 0.69 | 43,955 | 0.89 | 9,215 | 26.53 |
| $500 to $699 | 90,194 | 1.80 | 101,547 | 2.06 | 11,353 | 12.59 |
| $700 to $999 | 291,120 | 5.81 | 299,789 | 6.08 | 8,669 | 2.98 |
| $1,000 to $1,499 | 867,519 | 17.30 | 874,643 | 17.74 | 7,124 | 0.82 |
| $1,500 to $1,999 | 1,010,795 | 20.16 | 1,015,204 | 20.60 | 4,409 | 0.44 |
| $2,000 or more | 2,713,734 | 54.13 | 2,580,033 | 52.34 | -133,701 | -4.93 |
| Median | 2,119 | | 2,068 | | -51 | -2.41 |
| Gross Rent | | | | | | |
| Occupied units paying rent | 5,593,677 | 100.00 | 5,712,348 | 100.00 | 118,671 | 2.12 |
| Less than $200 | 40,485 | 0.72 | 36,390 | 0.64 | -4,095 | -10.11 |
| $200 to $299 | 113,418 | 2.03 | 105,938 | 1.85 | -7,480 | -6.60 |
| $300 to $499 | 192,791 | 3.45 | 185,377 | 3.25 | -7,414 | -3.85 |
| $500 to $749 | 546,523 | 9.77 | 491,027 | 8.60 | -55,496 | -10.15 |
| $750 to $999 | 1,064,658 | 19.03 | 957,585 | 16.76 | -107,073 | -10.06 |
| $1,000 to $1,499 | 1,919,830 | 34.32 | 1,894,595 | 33.17 | -25,235 | -1.31 |
| $1,500 or more | 1,715,972 | 30.68 | 2,041,436 | 35.74 | 325,464 | 18.97 |
| Median | 1,200 | | 1,268 | | 68 | 5.67 |
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