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Challenges facing the 111th Congress
 
Analyzing Characteristics of Congressional Districts
  ... resources to assess the state of economy, social patterns, education and special interests

  Decision-Making Information
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Resources
Democratic members of the House of Representatives now represent most of the nation's wealthiest people, a sharp turnaround from the long-standing dominance that Republicans have held over affluent districts. Is this change fundamental and longer-term? Warren Glimpse quoted by USA Today. This page provides access to selected congressional district information resources and examples of how geodemographic data can be used to develop insights.

08.18.10. Examining High Schools by Congressional District
  ... use the new all U.S. high schools ranking table
  ... filter ranking table by state then sort by congressional district
      to view schools in CDs of interest.

Release of first Census 2010 data nears ... click for larger view

2010 P.L. 94-171 Redistricting Data Products Delivery Timeline

08.13.10. Census 2010 & Congressional Apportionment
  ... Congressional apportionment is the process of dividing the 435 memberships/seats
      in the House of Representatives among the 50 states. More about computing apportionment.
  ... Census 2010 data are used by Census to determine the number of representatives each state receives.
  ... State governments redraw U.S. congressional and state legislative districts using Census 2010 data resources.
  ... More about Census 2010 ... additional information coming soon.
  ... follow us on topics concerning what and how demographics will drive district lines in 2011
      and the impact resulting from change in redistricting technology.
07.22.10. Use DMILab Tools -- Visual Pattern Analysis
  ... Create your own GIS projects using Congressional Districts,
      State Legislative Districts, among many other geographies
  ... Analyze economic prosperity by Congressional District: step-by-step guide.
05.19.10. Analyzing Voting Rates & Patterns by State
  ... briefing summary in Patterns
  ... Analyzing Voting Rates.
05.11.10. Comparative Analysis Demographic Profiles
  ... compare demographics of one congressional district to another,
      or to a school district, county, state, other type of area example and details.
04.26.10. Nov 2008 Congressional District Vote by Party Ranking Table
  ... voting data for each congressional district, state summary,
      senate and Presidential election
  ... interactive ranking table
04.14.10. State-Metro-County Demographic Projections to 2020
  ... interactive ranking table
04.05.10. Accessing & Analyzing Congressional District Demographics
  ... One hour no fee Webinar -- May 27, 2010; 12:00-1:00 p.m. Eastern Time
  ... Register; more information
01.12.10. examining county by county outcomes in 2010 & 2012 elections
  ... see Patterns
01.08.10. assessing voter participation; new voting age population data
  ... integrated into downloadable GIS project see details
  ... examining voter participation rates by state see details
12.23.09. 2009 population estimates show that 17 states may be redistricted.
  ... view interactive ranking table; individual state/region detailed profiles.
11.28.09. view congressional district labor force & housing market characteristics.
11.20.09. view school district demographics with congressional district coding.
  ... relate school district patterns to congressional districts with GIS .. example.
  ... get custom map views for your area .. contact Proximity (888-364-7656).

111th Congressional District 2007-2008 Demographics Interactive ranking table (new 10/1/09)
  View 111th Congressional District 2007 Demographics Interactive ranking table
    -- compare demographics between 2007 and 2008
  Click column header to sort; click again to sort other direction. See related Ranking Tables Main Page
The ranking table includes 435 congressional districts and the District of Columbia thereby covering the total United States population. The table excludes delegates for Puerto Rico and U.S. territorial areas. Incumbency data are updated as changes occur.

Using the Filters. To select CDs within a state, after clicking the Show All button, select the state with the State filter dropdown below table. To select CDs with a party incumbency, after clicking the Show All button, select the party with the Party filter dropdown below table. For example, selecting Party=D the table shows just the 257 districts that have a Democrat incumbent. Once either the State or Party filter has been applied, re-sort on attributes to view ranking based on that item. To restore to view to all CDs, click the Show All button. To find a member name (any partial string) in Incumbent column, click Show All button, key in the text (case-sensitive), then click Find in Name button. To restore to start-up view, refresh the page.

Within State Analysis. To examine attributes of a party within a state proceed as follows. Click Show All button. Select a state (e.g., CA). Select a party (e.g. D). Note there are 33 rows/incumbents (CA and D). Now click a header column to sort this group in either direction. Repeat as desired.

About the Data. Demographic data from the Census Bureau 2007 and 2008 American Community Survey; incumbency data from the Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives; data development and analyses by Proximity.
Ranking Table Column Descriptions (subject matter reference date is 2008 except as noted)
  StDist1 - state postal abbreviation + congressional district code within state
  StDist2 - state FIPS code + congressional district code within state
  Pop07 - total population 2007
  Pop08 - total population 2008
  %PopCh0708 - total population percent change 2007-2008
Remaining items all 2008:
  %Pop5-17 - percent population ages 5-17 years, school age population
  %White - percent White population (of one race)
  %Black - percent Black population (of one race)
  %Latino - percent Latino population
  $MdHHInc - median household income
  %HS Grad - percent population who are high school graduates
  %Poverty - percent population in poverty
  %NonEngSpkr - percent population 5 years and older who speak language other than English at home
    and do not speak English very well
Cell value of -1 indicates insufficient data available to develop estimate.


Map Views: 111th CDs Showing October 2009 Incumbency and 2008 Demographic Patterns

For larger views and additional narrative, see Application Gallery Views.
Make your own maps, similar to these, using the CD Analyst package (see below). Zoom into states of interest. Label and shown patterns that meet your needs. Add other geography (roads, schools, custom areas) and your own data. Create graphics for reports, presentation and collaboration.

Party Incumbency as of October 2009

Party Incumbency as of October 2009 (as above)
... with Patterns of 2008 Median Household Income by Congressional District



CDAnalyst -- Updated 10/09
-- integrated Win32 software and database
-- See Guide to CDAnalyst

... analyze your data in context of congressional districts
... explore congressional district demographic patterns and relationships
... use ranking tables with incumbent characteristics and 2007 demographics (sort and query)
... use demographic profiles for comparative analysis
    district to district, district to state, district to U.S.
... export results of your analyses for further analysis
... ready-to-use 110th/111th Congressional District boundary files
... ready-to-use 110th/111th Congressional District 2007, 2008 and trend demographics
... view your geocoded address data in context of congressional district and other geography
... view your locations and other data in context of CDs
... analyze data by city, school district, other geography with CDs
... create compelling maps for collaborative discussions
... use for advanced applications like coalition analysis
... use in the classroom

111th Congressional Districts
The 111th Congress is in session January 2009 to January 2011. Detailed information on the 111th Congress is available from the Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives (http://clerk.house.gov/). The boundaries and codes/names are the same for the 110th and 111th Congressional Districts.

110th Congressional Districts
The 110th Congress was in session January 2007 to January 2009. Only congressional district boundaries in Texas and Georgia changed relative to the 109th Congressional Districts.

109th Congressional Districts
The 109th Congress was in session January 2005 to January 2007. Congressional district boundaries in Maine, Pennsylvania, and Texas changed after the 108th Congress was seated in January of 2003, and are reflected in the 109th Congressional District boundary files referenced below.

109th CD Basic Demographics File. Register to access the 109th CD Basic Demographics File (XLS) developed by Proximity. The file includes population by race and origin, urban/rural, median household income, and population by poverty status. Sort on subject matter characteristics to see where your districts of interest rank. See this Colorado example.

Mapping Congressional Districts on Your Computer. Boundary files may be downloaded from the Census Bureau boundary file Web server (http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/cd109.html). See mapping application information for the 108th Congress provided below. Use the Proximity CommunityViewer GIS software to automatically download these shapefiles and view on your computer. Integrate demographics and your data into the map project.

108th Congressional Districts
The 108th Congress was in session from January 2003 to January 2005.

This web page reviews the scope and use of these data resources and summarizes Proximity information resources that can be used to process, integrate these data with your own data, and interpret the data, and help with decision-making analyses. Some examples presented below are based on the 108th CDs.

How and Where Have Congressional Districts Changed?

     

Using the State of Missouri as an example, the above graphics show Missouri by 107th CD, 108th CD, and 107 superimposed on 108. County boundaries are shown in gray. It is evident that CD 09 has expanded to the south and southwest and contracted in the area north of St. Louis. Several other Districts have had similar changes. This pattern of changing district boundaries is typical of most states with more that one district.

Using Census 2000 demographics it is possible to determine how the demographics of the overall district have changed -- resulting only from the changing geography. That is, these data show change resulting from change in geographic territory only -- not reflecting change in population growth or composition over time.

Missouri Congressional District 9 had a Census 2000 total population of 694,873 based on the 106th (and 107th) CD boundary and 621,690 based on the 108th CD boundary. The following table compares the difference in educational attainment for Missouri CD 9. More detailed attributes the 108th Congressional District may be viewed via Sample Data Profiles or Complete Count Profiles.

Census 2000 SF3 MO 106th CD 09 MO 108th CD 09
 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Population Percent Population Percent
    Population 25 years and over 435,323 100.0 393,809 100.0
      Less than 9th grade 28,095 6.5 29,663 7.5
      9th to 12th grade, no diploma 48,938 11.2 47,323 12
      High school graduate (includes equivalency) 151,563 34.8 140,628 35.7
      Some college, no degree 91,683 21.1 78,354 19.9
      Associate degree 23,055 5.3 19,301 4.9
      Bachelor's degree 59,113 13.6 49,045 12.5
      Graduate or professional degree 32,876 7.6 29,495 7.5

Measuring and Planning for Change:
  -- Post-Census, Extended Demographics and Regional Economy

Proximity develops and integrates demographic, business, economic, and geographic data to help leaders and stakeholders answer a wide range of questions.

  • How has the population changed in a district since Census 2000?
  • How will the population change in a district change by 2010?
  • What are the opinions and views held by the residents of a district?
  • How many schools are located in the district and how is enrollments changing?
  • What is the source and use of education funding and how is it changing?
  • What is the size and distribution of business establishments by industry?

Knowing answers to these questions (as examples), can help leaders and stakeholders set realistic objectives for the district and devise strategies and identify policy and program changes needed to achieve related goals. Proximity can help implement this total process.

Using Geospatial Analysis and Geographic Resources

Maps and Visual Analysis. Integrate the Census 2000 data, secondary data updates, and your own data and visually analyze these data. The following map shows the power of using these resources.

Educational Attainment by 108th Congressional District -- High School+
  Percent population 25 years and older high school graduate or more, Census 2000



Educational Attainment by 108th Congressional District -- College+
  Percent population 25 years and older college graduate or more, Census 2000



Viewing a Map of an 108th Congressional District. To view a map of a 108th congressional district using your Web browser, follow these steps.
  1. Connect to http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ReferenceMapFramesetServlet.
  2. Click on Search toward top of form.
  3. Click on the Geography tab
  4. Click on box "Show more selection methods ..."
  5. At "Search for" click the down arrow and selection Congressional District - 108th
  6. Select a state (Missouri for example)
  7. Select a district (08 for example)
  8. Click Map it (example of Missouri 08 appears as shown below)
   

Using the 108th CD Map Files and Your Data. View your own data on your PC using the 108th CD boundary files, to depicting the perimeters of congressional districts and thematic maps showing geodemographic relationships. Boundary files may be downloaded from the Census Bureau boundary file Web server (http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/bdy_files.html). These boundary files were used to develop the map graphics shown above. Contact Proximity to learn more about how to use these map files with your data. Below is an example using K-12 school data in Missouri Congressional District 8.

How Many Schools are in My Congressional District? [goto top]

Sometimes determining answers to simple, but important, questions can be very difficult using even publicly available data.

Using a GIS, we developed the following map of Missouri Congressional District 8. The icons represent K-12 schools (school year 2000-2001). It is possible to access the school level data from the U.S. Department of Education, but the first step requires converting the data into a form that can be used to meet analytical objectives. Second, to display the school locations as icons requires the availability of the school latitude-longitude. The values are available in the DOE data for about half of the schools. For those missing these data, we added the latitude-longitude based on the centroid of the ZIP code in which the school is located.



We "clip" the schools located in MO CD 8 and save the data to file easily determining that there are 359 schools (as reported by the Missouri Department of Education to DOE) in the District. The file is then opened using Excel and several attributes about K-12 education on Missouri CD 8 are revealed as follows:

Schools 359
Teachers (FTE) 7977
Students, Total 109,870
  White 100,022
  Black 8,496
  Hispanic 717
  in Free Lunch Program 41,277
  in Reduced Lunch Fee Program 9,624
PK Enrollment 2,579
12th Grade Enrollment 7,230


The PK enrollment provides some measure that can be useful in determining relative need for day care facilities, and related matters, (used with other data) in the Congressional District.

The 12th grade enrollment data provides some measure of the number of students who will be entering the work force and/or attending a postsecondary education institution.

Using the GIS, we can also "drill down" into specific areas in the District that might be of interest. In the next map, a zoom into the previous map depicts schools that are Title I eligible in yellow. We can immediately see the distribution of schools and examine patterns. One school has been arbitrarily selected (at identify cursor) and profiled. This shows how these data used in a GIS context can pull-up specific data about a school.



Address Matching, Geocoding, Referencing. Address match and geocode your own data using the Census 2000 108th CD TIGER/Line Files. The TIGER/Line files (geographic data only) enable you to assign latitude-longitude to addresses and much more.

Released in March 2003, the 108th Congressional District (CD) Census 2000 TIGER/Line files are the latest version of the Census 2000 TIGER/Line files and use the same file format as the other Census 2000 TIGER/Line files.

The address ranges appearing in the 108th CD Census 2000 TIGER/Line files are based upon the addresses in the final Master Address File (MAF) used for tabulating Census 2000. These are the same address ranges originally introduced with the Census 2000 TIGER/Line files released in October, 2001. The 108th CD Census 2000 TIGER/Line files coverage is as follows: all counties, parishes, boroughs, census areas and equivalent entities for each state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the Island Areas.

In a few cases the boundaries of the 108th Congressional districts do not follow Census 2000 block boundaries. Where the boundary of a congressional district for the 108th Congress splits a Census 2000 block, the Census Bureau maps and TIGER/Line files depict the correct location of the boundary. For data tabulation purposes, that census block is fully allocated to the 108th Congressional District specified to the Census Bureau by the state. This list provides all the 108th Congressional Districts that split census blocks and shows the congressional district where the block is allocated for data tabulation.

Poorest Congressional Districts. The following table lists the 20 congressional districts having the lowest median household income based on Census 2000 (income in 1999).

108th Congress Composition
In terms of official representation, there are 435 Members, 4 Delegates (American Samoa, District of Columbia, Guam, Virgin Islands), and 1 Resident Commissioner (Puerto Rico) that comprise the 108th Congress. Data reported in tables presented in national analyses on this Web page include the 435 Congressional Districts, D.C., and Puerto Rico. This set of data is used as these data comprise the scope of geography included in the Census Bureau 108th Congressional District Summary File.

Additional Information
Proximity develops geodemographic-economic data and analytical tools and helps organizations knit together and use diverse data in a decision-making and analytical framework. We develop custom demographic/economic estimates and projections, develop geographic and geocoded address files, and assist with impact and geospatial analyses. Wide-ranging organizations use our tools (software, data, methodologies) to analyze their own data integrated with other data. Contact Proximity (888-364-7656) with questions about data covered in this section or to discuss custom estimates, projections or analyses for your areas of interest. Which of your alums, members, addresses are in which congressional district?

Proximity can geocode your address data, attribute each address with congressional district code (and/or other related data), create map files and maps (example) that you can use for visual analyses and help you analyze the data in many other ways. Proximity provides congressional district geodemographic information to assist stakeholders in analysis of wide-ranging issues. We develop specialized demographic profiles, rankings, focused studies, projections, impact analyses and/or tools that you can use to address topics of interest to you.

Special Reports and Detailed Data
Register using this form to receive information on new developments regarding congressional district research and analysis resources.


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