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United States Demographic-Economic Characteristics and Patterns
This section provides an update on Census 2010 demographics and a richer set of demographic-economic measures for 2012 and 2014
for the United States.
The table presented below shows demographic-economic characteristics for the U.S. based on the American Community Survey (ACS).
ACS provides post-Census 2010 annual updates for a wide array of demographic-economic data not available from Census 2010.
ACS estimates are available for all geographies (U.S. wall-to-wall) using the 5-year estimates. For areas of 65,000 population or more, 1-year estimates are available.
See more about ACS. Estimates shown in this profile are based on ACS 1-year estimates. See more about comparing these data over time.
United States Demographic-Economic Characteristics
| -- ACS 2012 1 year -- | -- ACS 2014 1 year -- | -- Change 2012-14 --
| | Value | Percent | Value | Percent | Value | Percent |
Total Population | 313,914,040 | 100.00 | 318,857,056 | 100.00 | 4,943,016 | 1.57 |
Male | 154,436,243 | 49.20 | 156,890,101 | 49.20 | 2,453,858 | 1.59 |
Female | 159,477,797 | 50.80 | 161,966,955 | 50.80 | 2,489,158 | 1.56 |
Age | | | | | | |
Under 5 years | 19,910,326 | 6.34 | 19,773,010 | 6.20 | -137,316 | -0.69 |
5-9 years | 20,480,578 | 6.52 | 20,563,575 | 6.45 | 82,997 | 0.41 |
10-14 years | 20,777,987 | 6.62 | 20,749,801 | 6.51 | -28,186 | -0.14 |
15-19 years | 21,550,469 | 6.87 | 21,347,017 | 6.69 | -203,452 | -0.94 |
20-24 years | 22,463,182 | 7.16 | 22,698,029 | 7.12 | 234,847 | 1.05 |
25-34 years | 42,100,846 | 13.41 | 43,323,099 | 13.59 | 1,222,253 | 2.90 |
35-44 years | 40,698,086 | 12.96 | 40,751,359 | 12.78 | 53,273 | 0.13 |
45-54 years | 44,204,952 | 14.08 | 43,353,277 | 13.60 | -851,675 | -1.93 |
55-59 years | 20,622,207 | 6.57 | 21,314,688 | 6.68 | 692,481 | 3.36 |
60-64 years | 17,964,930 | 5.72 | 18,768,308 | 5.89 | 803,378 | 4.47 |
65-74 years | 24,004,760 | 7.65 | 26,418,204 | 8.29 | 2,413,444 | 10.05 |
75-84 years | 13,302,316 | 4.24 | 13,750,719 | 4.31 | 448,403 | 3.37 |
85+ years | 5,833,401 | 1.86 | 6,045,970 | 1.90 | 212,569 | 3.64 |
Median age | 37.40 | | 37.70 | | 0.30 | 0.80 |
Race/Origin | | | | | | |
One Race | 304,840,426 | 97.11 | 309,251,285 | 96.99 | 4,410,859 | 1.45 |
White | 231,992,377 | 73.90 | 233,963,128 | 73.38 | 1,970,751 | 0.85 |
Black/African American | 39,623,138 | 12.62 | 40,379,066 | 12.66 | 755,928 | 1.91 |
American Indian/Alaska Native | 2,563,505 | 0.82 | 2,601,714 | 0.82 | 38,209 | 1.49 |
Asian | 15,555,530 | 4.96 | 16,686,960 | 5.23 | 1,131,430 | 7.27 |
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 543,198 | 0.17 | 557,154 | 0.17 | 13,956 | 2.57 |
Some other race | 14,562,678 | 4.64 | 15,063,263 | 4.72 | 500,585 | 3.44 |
Two or more races | 9,073,614 | 2.89 | 9,605,771 | 3.01 | 532,157 | 5.86 |
Hispanic (of any race) | 52,961,017 | 16.87 | 55,279,452 | 17.34 | 2,318,435 | 4.38 |
Households by Type | | | | | | |
Total households | 115,969,540 | 100.00 | 117,259,427 | 100.00 | 1,289,887 | 1.11 |
Families | 76,509,262 | 65.97 | 77,152,072 | 65.80 | 642,810 | 0.84 |
Nonfamily households | 39,460,278 | 34.03 | 40,107,355 | 34.20 | 647,077 | 1.64 |
Average Household Size | 2.64 | | 2.65 | | 0.01 | 0.38 |
Average Family Size | 3.25 | | 3.26 | | 0.01 | 0.31 |
Relationship | | | | | | |
Population in households | 305,885,362 | 97.44 | 310,792,895 | 97.47 | 4,907,533 | 1.60 |
School Enrollment | | | | | | |
Population 3 & over enrolled | 83,085,860 | 100.00 | 82,063,714 | 100.00 | -1,022,146 | -1.23 |
Nursery school, preschool | 5,040,851 | 6.07 | 4,884,849 | 5.95 | -156,002 | -3.09 |
Kindergarten | 4,246,155 | 5.11 | 4,201,566 | 5.12 | -44,589 | -1.05 |
Elementary school (grades 1-8) | 32,875,346 | 39.57 | 32,974,291 | 40.18 | 98,945 | 0.30 |
High school (grades 9-12) | 17,013,441 | 20.48 | 17,008,157 | 20.73 | -5,284 | -0.03 |
College or graduate school | 23,910,067 | 28.78 | 22,994,851 | 28.02 | -915,216 | -3.83 |
Educational Attainment | | | | | | |
Population 25 years & over | 208,731,498 | 100.00 | 213,725,624 | 100.00 | 4,994,126 | 2.39 |
Less than 9th grade | 12,072,306 | 5.78 | 12,063,864 | 5.64 | -8,442 | -0.07 |
9th to 12th grade, no diploma | 16,409,962 | 7.86 | 15,928,170 | 7.45 | -481,792 | -2.94 |
High school graduate (incl equiv) | 58,495,661 | 28.02 | 59,249,552 | 27.72 | 753,891 | 1.29 |
Some college, no degree | 44,399,937 | 21.27 | 44,799,481 | 20.96 | 399,544 | 0.90 |
Associate's degree | 16,611,110 | 7.96 | 17,429,531 | 8.16 | 818,421 | 4.93 |
Bachelor's degree | 37,969,084 | 18.19 | 39,864,014 | 18.65 | 1,894,930 | 4.99 |
Graduate or professional degree | 22,773,438 | 10.91 | 24,391,012 | 11.41 | 1,617,574 | 7.10 |
Percent high school graduate or higher | 86.40 | | 86.90 | | 0.50 | 0.58 |
Percent bachelor's degree or higher | 29.10 | | 30.10 | | 1.00 | 3.44 |
Residence 1 year ago | 310,212,755 | 100.00 | 315,095,393 | 100.00 | 4,882,638 | 1.57 |
Same house | 263,612,596 | 84.98 | 268,147,625 | 85.10 | 4,535,029 | 1.72 |
Different house in U.S. | 44,766,942 | 14.43 | 44,905,563 | 14.25 | 138,621 | 0.31 |
Same county | 27,913,580 | 9.00 | 27,290,363 | 8.66 | -623,217 | -2.23 |
Different county | 16,853,362 | 5.43 | 17,615,200 | 5.59 | 761,838 | 4.52 |
Same state | 9,783,017 | 3.15 | 10,281,031 | 3.26 | 498,014 | 5.09 |
Different state | 7,070,345 | 2.28 | 7,334,169 | 2.33 | 263,824 | 3.73 |
Abroad | 1,833,217 | 0.59 | 2,042,205 | 0.65 | 208,988 | 11.40 |
Language Spoken at Home | | | | | | |
Population 5 years & over | 294,003,714 | 100.00 | 299,084,046 | 100.00 | 5,080,332 | 1.73 |
English only | 232,126,499 | 78.95 | 235,905,559 | 78.88 | 3,779,060 | 1.63 |
Language other than English | 61,877,215 | 21.05 | 63,178,487 | 21.12 | 1,301,272 | 2.10 |
Speak English less than very well | 25,088,697 | 8.53 | 25,592,758 | 8.56 | 504,061 | 2.01 |
Spanish | 38,325,155 | 13.04 | 39,254,342 | 13.12 | 929,187 | 2.42 |
Speak English less than very well | 16,149,456 | 5.49 | 16,388,318 | 5.48 | 238,862 | 1.48 |
Employment Status | | | | | | |
Population 16 years & over | 248,601,283 | 100.00 | 253,588,947 | 100.00 | 4,987,664 | 2.01 |
In labor force | 158,729,043 | 63.85 | 160,532,722 | 63.30 | 1,803,679 | 1.14 |
Civilian labor force | 157,703,368 | 63.44 | 159,550,452 | 62.92 | 1,847,084 | 1.17 |
Employed | 142,921,687 | 57.49 | 148,019,908 | 58.37 | 5,098,221 | 3.57 |
Unemployed | 14,781,681 | 5.95 | 11,530,544 | 4.55 | -3,251,137 | -21.99 |
Armed forces | 1,025,675 | 0.41 | 982,270 | 0.39 | -43,405 | -4.23 |
Not in labor force | 89,872,240 | 36.15 | 93,056,225 | 36.70 | 3,183,985 | 3.54 |
Civilian labor force | 157,703,368 | 63.44 | 159,550,452 | 62.92 | 1,847,084 | 1.17 |
Percent unemployed | 9.40 | | 7.20 | | -2.20 | -23.40 |
Employment by Industry | | | | | | |
Civilian employed population 16 years & over | 142,921,687 | 100.00 | 148,019,908 | 100.00 | 5,098,221 | 3.57 |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting, mining | 2,830,729 | 1.98 | 2,963,918 | 2.00 | 133,189 | 4.71 |
Construction | 8,802,312 | 6.16 | 9,292,826 | 6.28 | 490,514 | 5.57 |
Manufacturing | 14,988,864 | 10.49 | 15,216,294 | 10.28 | 227,430 | 1.52 |
Wholesale trade | 3,785,841 | 2.65 | 4,063,468 | 2.75 | 277,627 | 7.33 |
Retail trade | 16,639,780 | 11.64 | 17,065,344 | 11.53 | 425,564 | 2.56 |
Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 7,020,960 | 4.91 | 7,327,146 | 4.95 | 306,186 | 4.36 |
Information | 2,975,482 | 2.08 | 3,222,160 | 2.18 | 246,678 | 8.29 |
Finance, insurance, real estate | 9,414,894 | 6.59 | 9,614,483 | 6.50 | 199,589 | 2.12 |
Professional, scientific, management | 15,591,744 | 10.91 | 16,438,747 | 11.11 | 847,003 | 5.43 |
Education & health care | 33,113,097 | 23.17 | 34,091,965 | 23.03 | 978,868 | 2.96 |
Arts, entertainment, recreation | 13,697,912 | 9.58 | 14,536,953 | 9.82 | 839,041 | 6.13 |
Other services | 7,118,937 | 4.98 | 7,289,277 | 4.92 | 170,340 | 2.39 |
Public administration | 6,941,135 | 4.86 | 6,897,327 | 4.66 | -43,808 | -0.63 |
Household Income | | | | | | |
Total households | 115,969,540 | 100.00 | 117,259,427 | 100.00 | 1,289,887 | 1.11 |
Less than $10,000 | 8,885,815 | 7.66 | 8,536,754 | 7.28 | -349,061 | -3.93 |
$10,000 to $14,999 | 6,550,068 | 5.65 | 6,160,917 | 5.25 | -389,151 | -5.94 |
$15,000 to $24,999 | 12,889,311 | 11.11 | 12,355,825 | 10.54 | -533,486 | -4.14 |
$25,000 to $34,999 | 12,033,359 | 10.38 | 11,784,411 | 10.05 | -248,948 | -2.07 |
$35,000 to $49,999 | 15,971,542 | 13.77 | 15,796,840 | 13.47 | -174,702 | -1.09 |
$50,000 to $74,999 | 20,866,034 | 17.99 | 20,885,791 | 17.81 | 19,757 | 0.09 |
$75,000 to $99,999 | 13,779,990 | 11.88 | 14,102,565 | 12.03 | 322,575 | 2.34 |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 14,366,700 | 12.39 | 15,329,084 | 13.07 | 962,384 | 6.70 |
$150,000 to $199,999 | 5,345,408 | 4.61 | 6,043,692 | 5.15 | 698,284 | 13.06 |
$200,000 or more | 5,281,313 | 4.55 | 6,263,548 | 5.34 | 982,235 | 18.60 |
Median household income | 51,371 | | 53,657 | | 2,286 | 4.45 |
Mean household income | 71,317 | | 75,591 | | 4,274 | 5.99 |
Percent Families & People in Poverty | | | | | | |
All families | 11.80 | | 11.30 | | -0.50 | -4.24 |
All people | 15.90 | | 15.50 | | -0.40 | -2.52 |
Housing Occupancy | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 132,452,249 | 100.00 | 133,962,970 | 100.00 | 1,510,721 | 1.14 |
Occupied housing units | 115,969,540 | 87.56 | 117,259,427 | 87.53 | 1,289,887 | 1.11 |
Vacant housing units | 16,482,709 | 12.44 | 16,703,543 | 12.47 | 220,834 | 1.34 |
Homeowner vacancy rate | 2.00 | | 1.90 | | -0.10 | -5.00 |
Rental vacancy rate | 6.80 | | 6.30 | | -0.50 | -7.35 |
Units in Structure | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 132,452,249 | 100.00 | 133,962,970 | 100.00 | 1,510,721 | 1.14 |
1-unit, detached | 81,554,643 | 61.57 | 82,391,900 | 61.50 | 837,257 | 1.03 |
1-unit, attached | 7,695,788 | 5.81 | 7,718,465 | 5.76 | 22,677 | 0.29 |
2 units | 5,006,114 | 3.78 | 5,053,183 | 3.77 | 47,069 | 0.94 |
3 or 4 units | 5,880,296 | 4.44 | 5,964,467 | 4.45 | 84,171 | 1.43 |
5 to 9 units | 6,311,130 | 4.76 | 6,531,053 | 4.88 | 219,923 | 3.48 |
10 to 19 units | 5,927,271 | 4.48 | 6,102,907 | 4.56 | 175,636 | 2.96 |
20 or more units | 11,465,984 | 8.66 | 11,630,169 | 8.68 | 164,185 | 1.43 |
Mobile home, boat, RV etc. | 8,510,590 | 6.43 | 8,462,461 | 6.32 | -48,129 | -0.57 |
Year Structure Built | | | | | | |
Total housing units | 132,452,249 | 100.00 | 133,962,970 | 100.00 | 1,510,721 | 1.14 |
2010 or later | 1,199,560 | 0.91 | 2,723,663 | 2.03 | 1,524,103 | 127.06 |
2000 to 2009 | 19,799,406 | 14.95 | 19,599,180 | 14.63 | -200,226 | -1.01 |
1990 to 1999 | 18,348,209 | 13.85 | 18,770,589 | 14.01 | 422,380 | 2.30 |
1980 to 1989 | 18,326,856 | 13.84 | 18,346,964 | 13.70 | 20,108 | 0.11 |
1970 to 1979 | 20,944,138 | 15.81 | 20,974,330 | 15.66 | 30,192 | 0.14 |
1960 to 1969 | 14,577,453 | 11.01 | 14,741,022 | 11.00 | 163,569 | 1.12 |
1950 to 1959 | 14,397,367 | 10.87 | 14,243,850 | 10.63 | -153,517 | -1.07 |
1940 to 1949 | 7,072,019 | 5.34 | 7,029,981 | 5.25 | -42,038 | -0.59 |
1939 or earlier | 17,787,241 | 13.43 | 17,533,391 | 13.09 | -253,850 | -1.43 |
Housing Tenure | | | | | | |
Occupied housing units | 115,969,540 | 100.00 | 117,259,427 | 100.00 | 1,289,887 | 1.11 |
Owner-occupied | 74,119,256 | 63.91 | 73,991,995 | 63.10 | -127,261 | -0.17 |
Renter-occupied | 41,850,284 | 36.09 | 43,267,432 | 36.90 | 1,417,148 | 3.39 |
Avg household size, owner-occupied | 2.70 | | 2.71 | | 0.01 | 0.37 |
Avg household size, renter-occupied | 2.53 | | 2.55 | | 0.02 | 0.79 |
Year Householder Moved Into Unit | | | | | | |
Occupied housing units | 115,969,540 | 100.00 | 117,259,427 | 100.00 | 1,289,887 | 1.11 |
2010 or later | 31,507,002 | 27.17 | 45,069,381 | 38.44 | 13,562,379 | 43.05 |
2000 to 2009 | 45,461,532 | 39.20 | 36,624,354 | 31.23 | -8,837,178 | -19.44 |
1990 to 1999 | 18,996,653 | 16.38 | 17,383,494 | 14.82 | -1,613,159 | -8.49 |
1980 to 1989 | 9,200,406 | 7.93 | 8,447,356 | 7.20 | -753,050 | -8.18 |
1970 to 1979 | 6,071,721 | 5.24 | 5,616,819 | 4.79 | -454,902 | -7.49 |
1969 or earlier | 4,732,226 | 4.08 | 4,118,023 | 3.51 | -614,203 | -12.98 |
Occupants per room | | | | | | |
1.00 or less | 112,132,529 | 96.69 | 113,329,360 | 96.65 | 1,196,831 | 1.07 |
1.01 to 1.50 | 2,710,941 | 2.34 | 2,793,845 | 2.38 | 82,904 | 3.06 |
1.51 or more | 1,126,070 | 0.97 | 1,136,222 | 0.97 | 10,152 | 0.90 |
Housing Value (owner occupied units) | 74,119,256 | 100.00 | 73,991,995 | 100.00 | -127,261 | -0.17 |
Less than $50,000 | 6,784,356 | 9.15 | 7,252,803 | 9.80 | 468,447 | 6.90 |
$50,000 to $99,999 | 12,100,148 | 16.33 | 10,984,718 | 14.85 | -1,115,430 | -9.22 |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 12,245,474 | 16.52 | 11,238,389 | 15.19 | -1,007,085 | -8.22 |
$150,000 to $199,999 | 11,370,120 | 15.34 | 10,866,782 | 14.69 | -503,338 | -4.43 |
$200,000 to $299,999 | 13,393,416 | 18.07 | 13,431,171 | 18.15 | 37,755 | 0.28 |
$300,000 to $499,999 | 11,068,593 | 14.93 | 11,936,757 | 16.13 | 868,164 | 7.84 |
$500,000 to $999,999 | 5,696,677 | 7.69 | 6,510,385 | 8.80 | 813,708 | 14.28 |
$1,000,000 or more | 1,460,472 | 1.97 | 1,770,990 | 2.39 | 310,518 | 21.26 |
Median | 171,900 | | 181,200 | | 9,300 | 5.41 |
Selected Monthly Owner Costs (SMOC) | | | | | | |
Housing units with a mortgage | 48,726,257 | 100.00 | 47,174,889 | 100.00 | -1,551,368 | -3.18 |
Less than $300 | 100,603 | 0.21 | 120,134 | 0.25 | 19,531 | 19.41 |
$300 to $499 | 907,617 | 1.86 | 839,536 | 1.78 | -68,081 | -7.50 |
$500 to $699 | 2,791,709 | 5.73 | 2,630,795 | 5.58 | -160,914 | -5.76 |
$700 to $999 | 7,617,103 | 15.63 | 7,423,684 | 15.74 | -193,419 | -2.54 |
$1,000 to $1,499 | 14,002,995 | 28.74 | 13,763,213 | 29.17 | -239,782 | -1.71 |
$1,500 to $1,999 | 9,658,799 | 19.82 | 9,372,071 | 19.87 | -286,728 | -2.97 |
$2,000 or more | 13,647,431 | 28.01 | 13,025,456 | 27.61 | -621,975 | -4.56 |
Median | 1,460 | | 1,454 | | -6 | -0.41 |
Gross Rent | | | | | | |
Occupied units paying rent | 39,629,329 | 100.00 | 40,975,355 | 100.00 | 1,346,026 | 3.40 |
Less than $200 | 721,831 | 1.82 | 577,389 | 1.41 | -144,442 | -20.01 |
$200 to $299 | 1,276,784 | 3.22 | 1,261,010 | 3.08 | -15,774 | -1.24 |
$300 to $499 | 3,266,904 | 8.24 | 2,885,512 | 7.04 | -381,392 | -11.67 |
$500 to $749 | 9,127,518 | 23.03 | 8,349,065 | 20.38 | -778,453 | -8.53 |
$750 to $999 | 9,634,214 | 24.31 | 9,876,661 | 24.10 | 242,447 | 2.52 |
$1,000 to $1,499 | 10,001,083 | 25.24 | 11,155,248 | 27.22 | 1,154,165 | 11.54 |
$1,500 or more | 5,600,995 | 14.13 | 6,870,470 | 16.77 | 1,269,475 | 22.67 |
Median | 884 | | 934 | | 50 | 5.66 |
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